The Heidenhain ROD 350‑500 268 050 01 is a sealed angle encoder featuring a 17 mm tapered hollow shaft and an integrated bearing, designed for high‑precision rotary motion measurement in machine tools and robotics. Common failure modes include misalignment of the shaft leading to spurious output pulses, contact wear or corrosion on the Hall sensor terminals causing intermittent signals, magnetic interference from nearby motors degrading accuracy, and power supply ripple damaging the internal circuitry. First‑check diagnostics should verify proper shaft alignment and bearing integrity, inspect all electrical contacts for cleanliness and secure mounting, and test the encoder’s signal outputs with an oscilloscope or logic analyzer to confirm correct quadrature encoding and check for noise or missing pulses.[oss-gpt-20b]