The Gulmay FL 160‑2/1 is a high‑voltage (up to 160 kV) X‑ray generator designed for industrial imaging and e‑beam applications, featuring an IGBT‑based drive at ~25 kHz with modular controller, tube, cooler, and HV cable. Common failure points in this class include degraded IGBT modules or gate driver circuits, insulation breakdown between HV windings, overheating of the cooling system, and loss of regulation due to faulty voltage feedback sensors. First‑check diagnostics: verify input power and grounding integrity; inspect the HV transformer and IGBT board for visible arcing or thermal damage; confirm that the temperature sensor and fan are operating and that the control firmware reports no error codes.[oss-gpt-20b]